{"id":5495,"date":"2022-06-21T21:08:34","date_gmt":"2022-06-21T19:08:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/?post_type=biography&#038;p=5495"},"modified":"2025-01-20T15:29:45","modified_gmt":"2025-01-20T14:29:45","slug":"franz-xaver-bremm","status":"publish","type":"biography","link":"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/en\/biography\/franz-xaver-bremm\/","title":{"rendered":"Franz Xaver Bremm"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Left to fend for himself<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Franz Xaver Bremm was also arrested on a number of occasions for \u00bbbegging\u00ab. The police apprehended him again in February 1938 as he sought shelter from the cold in a farmer\u2019s barn. The authorities ruled that Franz Xaver Bremm was \u00bbworkshy\u00ab and an \u00bbincorrigible habitual beggar\u00ab. On this basis he was admitted to Rebdorf workhouse in spring 1938.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-style-hover-extra-image wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-id=\"2470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg.jpg\" alt=\"Einweisung von Franz Xaver Bremm in das <a tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" class=\"glossary\" data-bs-toggle=\"popover\" data-bs-trigger=\"hover focus\" title=\"Arbeitshaus\" data-bs-content-id=\"popover-id-3041\" aria-label=\"Arbeitshaus - Glossary term\">Arbeitshaus<\/a> Rebdorf.&#8221; class=&#8221;wp-image-2470&#8243;\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">M\u00e4rz 1938, Einweisung des Franz Xaver Bremm in das Arbeitshaus Rebdorf. <br><sub>Quelle: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"793\" height=\"1145\" data-id=\"2472\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover.jpg\" alt=\"Einweisung von Franz Xaver Bremm in das Arbeitshaus Rebdorf.\" class=\"wp-image-2472\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover.jpg 793w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-381x550.jpg 381w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-554x800.jpg 554w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-03-einweisung-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-768x1109.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 793px) 100vw, 793px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">March 1938: decision on Franz Xaver Bremm\u2019s admission to Rebdorf workhouse. <br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-accordion accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-040c6e12-918f-4587-942b-af6d8fc59707\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse-040c6e12-918f-4587-942b-af6d8fc59707\"><span class=\"accordion-button-text\">Transcript<\/span><\/button><\/h3><div id=\"collapse-040c6e12-918f-4587-942b-af6d8fc59707\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"heading-040c6e12-918f-4587-942b-af6d8fc59707\"><div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>No. 2461<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Re: admission of the unmarried agricultural worker Xaver Bremm, most recent address in Forstacker, House no. 10, to Rebdorf workhouse<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Regensburg District Authority hereby issues the following decision at first instance on the abovementioned case:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Betreff: Einweisung des led. Landwirtschaftlichen Arbeiters Xaver Bremm, zuletzt wohnhaft in Forstacker Hs. No.10, in das Arbeitshaus Rebdorf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Decision:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol style=\"list-style-type:upper-roman\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The unmarried agricultural worker Xaver Bremm, born on 4 August 1887 in Forstacker, most recent address in Forstacker, House no. 10, currently in Regensburg Regional Court Prison, is hereby admitted to Rebdorf workhouse for one year, commencing from the date of his arrival.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Xaver Bremm is to cover the cost of his stay in the workhouse. This decision incurs a fee of 2 Reichsmark and a supplementary charge of 0.40 Reichsmark. He will be granted a temporary reprieve from the accrued fees and charges.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Grounds for decision:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The unmarried agricultural worker Xaver Bremm was arrested at 2.30 a.m. on 19 February 1938 in a barn in Mariaort where he intended to spend the night.<br><a>It was established that Xaver Bremm already has 8 previous convictions for begging. In addition, he has previous convictions for physical assault and for being workshy. Although Xaver Bremm had only been released from prison on 15 February 1938 after serving a six-week sentence for evading work, he was found begging again in Mariaort on 18 February 1938. <\/a>Xaver Bremm was therefore handed a new four-week sentence for begging on the basis of a penal order issued by Regensburg Local Court on 23 February 1938 (Cs 161\/37 VR 61\/38).<br>On the basis of the above, Xaver Bremm is to be regarded as <br><strong>an incorrigible habitual beggar<\/strong>.<br>Given the repeated evidence of his propensity to commit crime, for reasons of public security and in order to educate Xaver Bremm to work and to lead an ordered life, it is necessary to admit him to a workhouse. Given his way of life and his workshy behaviour to date, if Xaver Bremm were to be assigned to compulsory labour. Outside the confines of an institution, there would be a danger of him leaving his place of work in secret soon afterwards.<br><br>The length of his stay in the institution was set by the district authority in advance at 1 year. &nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>By this point, Franz Xaver Bremm had no one willing to take him in. His parents had previously looked after their adult son, but since their death in the mid-1930s, he had had no support at all from his family. &nbsp;Franz Xaver was considered to have a mental disability and, according to his family\u2019s assessment, was of no use for any form of work. He was therefore excluded as heir and his nephew inherited his parents\u2019 farm. Shortly before turning 50, Franz Xaver Bremm had to leave the place where he had spent his entire life up to then.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Soon afterwards he became trapped in the system of state-run institutions. After an eleven-month detention in Rebdorf workhouse, in April 1939 Franz Xaver Bremm was transferred to Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle workhouse for itinerants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today it is only possible to reconstruct the individual biographies of many of those persecuted as \u00bbasocials\u00ab or \u00bbcareer criminals\u00ab by consulting official records or documents. The perspective of the people who were persecuted features rarely, if at all, in these materials. These individuals seem to disappear behind the indistinguishable series of formulations and judgements issued by the institutions. A few handwritten documents from Franz Xaver Bremm have survived. These do at least give an idea of his mindset and his emotions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As one example, just half a year after being admitted to Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle workhouse for itinerants, he wrote to the district administrator of Regensburg, asking to be released. He said that he thought constantly of home and yearned to return there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-style-hover-extra-image wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"1139\" data-id=\"2474\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-04-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung\" class=\"wp-image-2474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-04-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg.jpg 794w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-04-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-383x550.jpg 383w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-04-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-558x800.jpg 558w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-04-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-768x1102.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">October 1939: petition from Franz Xaver Bremm to the district administrator, requesting release. <br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"1139\" data-id=\"2476\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bremm_04_Gesuch_Landeskirchliches_Archiv_Nuernberg_Layover.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung an den Landrat von Regensburg.\" class=\"wp-image-2476\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bremm_04_Gesuch_Landeskirchliches_Archiv_Nuernberg_Layover.jpg 794w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bremm_04_Gesuch_Landeskirchliches_Archiv_Nuernberg_Layover-383x550.jpg 383w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bremm_04_Gesuch_Landeskirchliches_Archiv_Nuernberg_Layover-558x800.jpg 558w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Bremm_04_Gesuch_Landeskirchliches_Archiv_Nuernberg_Layover-768x1102.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">October 1939: petition from Franz Xaver Bremm to the district administrator, requesting release.<br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-accordion accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-b89b768b-c850-40a6-a7b3-b8eb1be042ec\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse-b89b768b-c850-40a6-a7b3-b8eb1be042ec\"><span class=\"accordion-button-text\">Transcript<\/span><\/button><\/h3><div id=\"collapse-b89b768b-c850-40a6-a7b3-b8eb1be042ec\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"heading-b89b768b-c850-40a6-a7b3-b8eb1be042ec\"><div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p>I request my release<br>[\u2026] I have somewhere to stay.<br><strong>I therefore ask the <br>district governor to grant my<br>request. For I yearn<br>constantly for home.<br>When I get up in the morning,<br>I think of home.<\/strong> I would like to [\u2026]<br>my paternal home again. Hoping that my request<br>is granted. Heil Hitler.<br><strong>As I have not deserved this fate, I kindly ask that the<\/strong> <strong>gentlemen <strong>grant my request.<\/strong><\/strong><br>Mr Xaver Bremm<br>Heil Hitler<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>His appeal for release was rejected and he therefore contacted the district administrator again the following year. Franz Xaver Bremm emphasised that he had never refused to work and he made it clear that he wanted to go back home, back to the farm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-style-hover-extra-image wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"645\" height=\"792\" data-id=\"2478\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-e1655838179825.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung an den Landrat von Regensburg\" class=\"wp-image-2478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-e1655838179825.jpg 645w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-e1655838179825-400x491.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">June 1940: petition from Franz Xaver Bremm to the district administrator of Regensburg, requesting release<br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"645\" height=\"792\" data-id=\"2480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-e1655838231659.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung an den Landrat von Regensburg\" class=\"wp-image-2480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-e1655838231659.jpg 645w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-05-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-e1655838231659-400x491.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 645px) 100vw, 645px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">June 1940: petition from Franz Xaver Bremm to the district administrator of Regensburg, requesting release. <br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-accordion accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-69ef8566-0b3f-43b1-a20e-d426df5904a0\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse-69ef8566-0b3f-43b1-a20e-d426df5904a0\"><span class=\"accordion-button-text\">Transcript<\/span><\/button><\/h3><div id=\"collapse-69ef8566-0b3f-43b1-a20e-d426df5904a0\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"heading-69ef8566-0b3f-43b1-a20e-d426df5904a0\"><div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">To the District Authority [\u2026]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a>As I have been held in Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle workhouse for itinerants for a whole year, I [\u2026] to be granted release.<br>I have never refused to work and I am not<br>workshy, the mayor pinned that on me.<br>I have inherited nothing from my mother or my father and I have not received a single penny from [\u2026] them. [\u2026] In my opinion, they want me to die here. My brother\u2019s name is Josef Bremm<br>[\u2026] has unfortunately died.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;I ask the District Authority, the District Administrator,<br>to come to my aid, to help me. I cannot rely on my relatives. I can help out on every farm because so many have gone to war. <strong>I want to be at the farming estate [\u2026] in my old age.<\/strong> I was also a frontline soldier and have the Cross of Merit. I ask<br>[\u2026] to assist me with my request. Sincere regards,<br>with German greetings, Heil Hitler<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Franz Xaver Bremm<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The renewed appeal was also rejected; Franz Xaver Bremm was not granted release from the workhouse. In desperation, he composed a letter to his sister, Kreszenz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:70%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-1 is-style-hover-extra-image wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"1146\" data-id=\"2482\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung an seine Schwester Kreszenz\" class=\"wp-image-2482\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg.jpg 790w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-379x550.jpg 379w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-551x800.jpg 551w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-768x1114.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">June 1940: letter from Franz Xaver Bremm to his sister, Kreszenz, including an appeal for his release. <br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"1146\" data-id=\"2484\" src=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover.jpg\" alt=\"Gesuch von Franz Xaver Bremm mit Bitte um Entlassung an seine Schwester Kreszenz\" class=\"wp-image-2484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover.jpg 790w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-379x550.jpg 379w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-551x800.jpg 551w, https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/bremm-06-gesuch-landeskirchliches-archiv-nuernberg-layover-768x1114.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">June 1940: letter from Franz Xaver Bremm to his sister, Kreszenz, including an appeal for his release.<br><sub>Source: Personenakte Franz-Xaver Bremm, LKAN 11981 und 3174, Archiv Diakonie Herzogs\u00e4gm\u00fchle<\/sub><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-accordion accordion-item\"><h3 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"heading-ac89c9fb-b601-4385-8102-b57ed0ed8c80\"><button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"collapse-ac89c9fb-b601-4385-8102-b57ed0ed8c80\"><span class=\"accordion-button-text\">Transcript<\/span><\/button><\/h3><div id=\"collapse-ac89c9fb-b601-4385-8102-b57ed0ed8c80\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse\" aria-labelledby=\"heading-ac89c9fb-b601-4385-8102-b57ed0ed8c80\"><div class=\"accordion-body\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Dear Sister, [\u2026]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I have [\u2026] now served my time and [\u2026]<br>[\u2026] <strong>now all you have to do is write that I can start work for you, then I\u2019ll also get out of here <\/strong>as people are needed right now [\u2026] because now<br>the work is just starting; <strong>as I\u2019ve now been here<\/strong><br><strong>more than a year (I) need you so that I can get out of here;<\/strong><br>all you have to do is give this letter (that) I\u2019ve<br>enclosed to the district administrator, then<br>things will soon get moving, <strong>as<\/strong><br><strong>if I don\u2019t get out of here now when there\u2019s &nbsp;<\/strong><br><strong>work, then you\u2019ll let me die here, in God\u2019s name,<\/strong><br><strong>because I\u2019m still alive,<\/strong><br><strong>I\u2019m not dead yet.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Dear Sister,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And send me a package so that I can smile again; otherwise I\u2019ll be really disheartened because I\u2019m always here.<br>I\u2019ll finish now. Many greetings to you all from your brother, Xaver Bremm. Little letter, fly up high, and fly back down, and fly back into my home town.<br>Greetings, Heil Hitler.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-boom-spacer\" style=\"height:2rem\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The letter to his sister, which the workhouse never sent, was to be Franz Xaver Bremm\u2019s last plea for help. It is also the last handwritten document in his file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What happened to him next can only be reconstructed using the reports written about him by others.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to his file, Franz Xaver Bremm was \u00bbof no use for any form of work [any more]\u00ab and \u00bbincreasingly\u00ab in need of care. In January 1943, he was therefore sent to Eglfing-Haar Psychiatric Hospital. There the nursing staff murdered him by withdrawing nutrition and through deliberate neglect (a process known as \u00bbdecentralised euthanasia\u00ab).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<div class=\"popovers-wrapper\"><div id=\"popover-id-3041\" class=\"d-none\">\n<p>Arbeitsh\u00e4user gibt es in Europa seit dem 16. Jahrhundert. Im Deutschen Reich dienen sie als Haftst\u00e4tten mit Arbeitszwang unter anderem f\u00fcr Personen, denen Landstreicherei, Bettelei, Prostitution oder Obdachlosigkeit vorgeworfen wird. Die Nationalsozialisten sperren ab 1933 zun\u00e4chst Tausende in Arbeitsh\u00e4user. Bald darauf gehen sie verst\u00e4rkt dazu \u00fcber, Personengruppen, die sie als \u00bbAsoziale\u00ab bezeichnen, in Konzentrationslager zu verschleppen.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bbWork\u00ab was of central significance to the Nazis and their concept of \u00bbnational community\u00ab (Volksgemeinschaft). In September 1933, just a few months after the Nazis had assumed power, hundreds of people with no fixed address or steady employment were sent to concentration camps in what was known as the \u00bbroundup of beggars\u00ab.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2469,"parent":0,"template":"","bio-gender-age":[32],"bio-persecution":[],"bio-institution":[],"class_list":["post-5495","biography","type-biography","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Franz Xaver Bremm | Die Verleugneten<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.die-verleugneten.de\/en\/biography\/franz-xaver-bremm\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Franz Xaver Bremm | Die Verleugneten\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00bbWork\u00ab was of central significance to the Nazis and their concept of \u00bbnational community\u00ab (Volksgemeinschaft). 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